4  NURS 60N: Foundations of Biostatistics for Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice

This “chapter” contains links to the presentations and materials covered in the first course of this curriculum, NURS 60N.

4.1 Major Principles

• Randomness & Variables
• Samples vs. Populations
  • Evaluation vs. Research
• Descriptive vs. Inferential Statistics
  • Parametric vs. Non-Parametric Analyses
• Related to it is this online demonstration of the Central Limit Theorem

4.2 Frequencies & Counts

• Frequencies & relative frequencies
• Probabilities
  • Risks & risk ratios
  • Hazards & hazard ratios
• Odds & odds ratios
• Contingency / cross tables
  • Fisher’s exact test
• Important distributions
  • Normal distribution
  • χ² distribution

4.3 Measuring & Testing Differences

• Review of Assumptions in Inferential Statistics
• Hypothesis Testing
• Signal-to-Noise Ratio
• Common Tests: t & F

4.4 Power and Effect Size

• Review & Elaboration of Hypothesis Testing
• Power
• Effect Size

4.5 Association & Causation

• Individual Differences and Correlations
• Types of Correlation Statistics
• Partial and Semipartial Correlations
• Concerning Causality

4.6 The ANOVA Family of Tests

• Basic Concepts of ANOVAs
• Example of Main Effects & Interactions
• Types of ANOVAs
• t- & F-Tests Roles & Nature
• Post hoc Comparisons
• Reference Tables